Maltese at a Glance: Quick Facts

The Soul of a Maltese: Temperament and Personality

white maltese dog playing and running on green grass and plants background

The Maltese possesses a personality as captivating as their stunning appearance. At their core, they are true companion dogs, thriving on human interaction and showering their families with boundless affection. Known for being incredibly loving and cuddly, they often want nothing more than to be close to their favorite people, whether it’s curled up on a lap or playing a spirited game of fetch. This deep bond means they are happiest when integrated into family life and may develop separation anxiety if left alone for extended periods.

While generally friendly and sociable, Maltese can initially be a little reserved around strangers, preferring to observe before joining the fun. However, with proper socialization, they quickly warm up and embrace new acquaintances with their characteristic charm. They typically get along wonderfully with gentle children and other pets, making them excellent family additions. It’s crucial, however, that children are taught to interact gently with these delicate dogs, especially when they are tiny puppies.

Beyond their affectionate nature, Maltese are intelligent and eager to please, which makes them highly trainable. Yet, don’t let their sweet faces fool you; they can also possess a charmingly stubborn streak! They are known to test boundaries and use their endearing antics to get their way. Their sensitive side means they can be easily startled or made anxious by loud noises like thunderstorms or raised voices. Despite their small stature, they have an alert nature and can be prone to barking to signal new arrivals or unusual sounds, often serving as surprisingly effective little watchdogs.

Is a Maltese Right For Your Family & Lifestyle?

Choosing a dog is a significant decision, and ensuring a Maltese is the right fit for your home and lifestyle is crucial. Their unique traits make them ideal for some, but perhaps not for others.

Caring for Your Maltese: Needs & Recommendations

Providing proper care is essential for a happy and healthy Maltese. Their needs, while manageable, require consistent attention, particularly concerning grooming and training.

Diet & Nutrition

A high-quality, balanced diet specifically formulated for small breeds is crucial for your Maltese. Look for reputable brands that use real meat as the primary ingredient and avoid excessive fillers. Due to their small stomachs, it’s often better to feed them two to three small meals a day rather than one large one. Monitor their weight carefully, as even a small amount of extra weight can put strain on their tiny joints. Always provide fresh, clean water. Consult your veterinarian for specific dietary recommendations tailored to your Maltese’s age, activity level, and any specific health considerations.

Exercise Requirements

Despite their bursts of energy and playful demeanor, Maltese have low to moderate exercise needs. A short daily walk, perhaps 15-20 minutes, combined with engaging indoor play sessions, is usually sufficient to keep them happy and physically fit. They love interactive games like fetch and will happily follow you around the house. While they can be surprisingly agile and enjoy canine sports like agility, it’s important to be mindful of their delicate build and avoid overexertion, especially during hot weather. Due to their enthusiasm, they can sometimes overdo it, so ensure playtime is safe and supervised.

 

Grooming

The Maltese’s luxurious, silky white coat is a hallmark of the breed but demands significant grooming. Although they are considered hypoallergenic and “non-shedding,” this does not mean low maintenance. Their single coat can grow very long and is prone to tangles and mats if not cared for diligently.

  • Brushing: Daily brushing is highly recommended, especially if you choose to keep their coat long. For a shorter “puppy cut,” brushing a few times a week might suffice, but daily attention is always best. Use a soft slicker brush and a metal comb to work through any tangles gently.
  • Professional Grooming: Expect professional grooming sessions several times a year to maintain their coat’s health and appearance, or to keep it trimmed to a more manageable length.
  • Nail Trims: Their nails grow quickly and should be trimmed once or twice a month to prevent overgrowth, which can be painful and lead to posture issues.
  • Ear Care: Weekly ear checks and careful cleanings are necessary to prevent ear infections, especially given their floppy ears which can trap moisture.
  • Face & Eye Care: Maltese are prone to tear staining around their eyes and sometimes discoloration around the nose and mouth. Daily wiping of their face with a damp cloth or a vet-approved tear stain remover can help. If staining is excessive, or you notice excessive drooling, consult your vet to rule out underlying health issues.
  • Dental Hygiene: As a small breed, Maltese are particularly susceptible to dental disease. Daily tooth brushing using a dog-specific toothpaste is highly recommended to prevent plaque and tartar buildup. Supplement this with vet-approved dental diets and chews, and schedule regular professional dental cleanings as advised by your veterinarian.
Training & Socialization

Maltese are intelligent dogs and are generally eager to please, making them quick learners. However, their charming stubbornness can lead to boundary-pushing if not managed with consistent and patient training. They respond exceptionally well to positive reward-based methods, such as praise, treats, and toys. Harsh corrections or punishment can make them shy or anxious.

Early socialization is key to developing a well-adjusted Maltese. Expose your puppy to a variety of sights, sounds, people, and other animals in a safe and positive manner from a young age. Puppy training classes are highly recommended, not only for teaching basic commands but also for providing crucial socialization opportunities and strengthening the bond between you and your puppy. First-time dog owners will find these classes particularly beneficial for consistent training guidance and understanding Maltese-specific behaviors.

Health & Lifespan: What to Expect

The Maltese is generally a healthy and robust breed, but like all purebred dogs, they can be predisposed to certain genetic conditions. A responsible breeder will conduct comprehensive health screenings on their breeding dogs to minimize the risk of passing on these preventable issues to puppies.

Common concerns include:

  • Luxating Patella: A condition where the kneecap slips out of place.
  • Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): A congenital heart anomaly.
  • Liver Shunt (Portosystemic Shunt): An abnormal connection between the blood supply to the liver and the general circulation.
  • Microvascular Dysplasia (MVD): A milder form of liver shunt affecting smaller vessels.
  • Encephalitis: Inflammation of the brain, sometimes seen as White Shaker Syndrome in small white breeds.
  • Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar, especially in tiny puppies or adults under stress.
  • Dental Issues: Due to their small mouths, they are prone to overcrowding and gum disease, making diligent dental care crucial.

The average lifespan for a Maltese is 12 to 15 years, and with excellent care, many can live up to 18 years or even longer. Choosing a puppy from a reputable breeder who screens their parent dogs for genetic health conditions (such as patella evaluations, cardiac exams, and serum bile acid tests) is the best way to ensure you bring home the healthiest possible Maltese puppy.

The History of the Maltese: From Malta to Your Home

Maltese puppy looking at camera, 4 months old, isolated on white

The Maltese boasts one of the most ancient and storied histories among toy dog breeds. While often associated with the island of Malta in the Mediterranean Sea, their origins can be traced back over two millennia to ancient Greece. Indeed, they are considered by many to be the oldest toy dog breed in existence, so highly praised that tombs were sometimes built for them upon their passing!

This venerable breed faced near extinction not once, but twice. During Europe’s Dark Ages, the Maltese were saved from disappearance by dedicated Chinese breeders, who played a crucial role in preserving the lineage. Later, between the 17th and 18th centuries, attempts to miniaturize the breed to an extreme “teacup” size, coupled with a lack of advanced veterinary care, again brought them to the brink. Fortunately, the breed was saved once more, largely due to the efforts of British dog breeders who refined the Maltese as we know it today. It’s also recognized that the modern Maltese shares ancestry with other charming toy breeds like the Bichon Frise and the Havanese.

The first Maltese arrived in the United States in the latter half of the 19th century, making their debut in Westminster Kennel Club shows in the 1870s. The American Kennel Club officially recognized the Maltese as a member of the Toy Group in 1888, solidifying their place in the hearts and homes of American dog lovers.

Meet Our Available Maltese Puppies

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Your Comprehensive Maltese FAQ

Are Maltese good dogs?

Absolutely! Maltese are widely regarded as excellent companion dogs. They are charming, intelligent, and known for their gentle and playful nature. They are incredibly devoted to their families, highly adaptable, and can thrive in various living situations, including apartments. With proper socialization and training, they make wonderful, affectionate, and loyal pets.

Where are Maltese dogs from?

The Maltese breed originated on the island of Malta in the Mediterranean Sea, with a history dating back thousands of years. They are considered one of the oldest toy dog breeds, with roots also traced to ancient Greece, where they were highly valued companions.

Do Maltese shed?

Maltese are considered a very low-shedding breed. While no dog is 100% non-shedding, Maltese lose very little hair, making them a popular choice for individuals sensitive to pet dander. However, their long, fine coat still requires significant grooming to prevent mats and tangles.

Are Maltese hypoallergenic?

Yes, Maltese are widely considered a hypoallergenic dog breed. Their low-shedding coat produces less dander, which is often the primary trigger for dog allergies in humans. This makes them an excellent choice for allergy sufferers, though individual reactions can vary.

How long do Maltese live?

The average lifespan of a Maltese is typically between 12 to 15 years. With excellent care, including a healthy diet, regular veterinary check-ups, and a loving environment, many Maltese individuals can live even longer, often reaching 16, 17, or even 18 years of age.

How big do Maltese get?

Fully grown Maltese are small dogs, typically standing between 7 to 12 inches (18-30 cm) tall at the shoulder. Their compact size makes them ideal for various living situations, including apartments and smaller homes.

How much does a Maltese weigh?

An adult Maltese usually weighs between 4 to 7 pounds (1.8-3.2 kg). Their light weight contributes to their delicate appearance and makes them easy to carry and travel with.

Do Maltese bark a lot?

Maltese can be prone to barking due to their alert and sensitive nature. They often bark to signal new arrivals, unusual sounds, or when they are feeling anxious or bored. Consistent training from a young age can help manage excessive barking.

Are Maltese good with kids?

Maltese can be very good with children, especially when properly socialized from a young age. However, due to their small and delicate size, it is essential that children are taught to be gentle and respectful when interacting with a Maltese to prevent accidental injury to the dog. They thrive in homes where children understand how to interact appropriately with a small breed.

How many hours do Maltese dogs sleep?

Like most dogs, Maltese puppies sleep a lot, often up to 18-20 hours a day. Adult Maltese typically sleep between 12-14 hours a day, including nighttime sleep and daytime naps. Adequate rest is important for their health and well-being.

When does the Maltese stop growing?

Maltese puppies typically reach their full adult height and weight by about 8 to 10 months of age. While they may fill out slightly more in the following months, significant growth usually ceases by their first birthday.